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Mannheim peritonitis index
Criteria
Point Value
Age >50 years
5
Female sex
5
Organ failure
7
Malignancy
4
Origin of sepsis not colonic
4
Diffuse generalized peritonitis
6
Preoperative duration of peritonitis >24 h
4
Intraperitoneal exudates
Clear
0
Cloudy, purulent
6
Fecal
12
Organ failure: Kidney failure: Cratinine level...
National early warning score
Criteria
Point Value
Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute)
≤8
3
9-11
1
12-20
0
21-24
2
≥25
3
Oxygen Saturation (%)
≤91
3
92-93
2
94-95
1
≥96
0
Any Supplemental Oxygen
Yes
1
No
0
Temperature in °C (°F)
≤35.0 (95)
3
35.1-36.0 (95.1-96.8)
1
36.1-38.0 (96.9-100.4)
0
38.1-39.0 (100.5-102.2)
1
≥39.1 (≥102.3)
2
Systolic BP
≤90
3
91-100
2
101-110
1
111-219
0
≥220
3
Heart Rate (beats per minute)
≤40
3
41-50
1
51-90
0
91-110
1
111-130
2
≥131
3
AVPU
A
0
V, P,...
Principles of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery
Principles of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery
1. Antibiotics alone are unable to prevent surgical site infections. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections should always...
Scientific committee
Joseph Solomkin
Luca Ansaloni
Marja Boermeester
Fausto Catena
Federico Coccolini
Jared Huston
Lillian Kao
Yoram Kluger
Kemal Rasa
Ines Rubio-Perez
Massimo Sartelli (committee coordinator)
Robert Sawyer
Website managers
Belinda De Simone
Antonio Tarasconi
Cristian Tranà
WSES sepsis severity score for patients with cIAIs
Criteria
Point Value
Clinical condition at the admission
Severe sepsis (acute organ dysfunction) at the admission
3
Septic shock (acute circulatory failure characterized by persistent arterial hypotension. It always...
Acute appendicitis
The natural history of appendicitis has been described in three stages: (1) a normal appendix, (2) uncomplicated acute appendicitis, and (3) complicated appendicitis, according...
National early warning score
Criteria
Point Value
Respiratory Rate (breaths per minute)
≤8
3
9-11
1
12-20
0
21-24
2
≥25
3
Oxygen Saturation (%)
≤91
3
92-93
2
94-95
1
≥96
0
Any Supplemental Oxygen
Yes
1
No
0
Temperature in °C (°F)
≤35.0 (95)
3
35.1-36.0 (95.1-96.8)
1
36.1-38.0 (96.9-100.4)
0
38.1-39.0 (100.5-102.2)
1
≥39.1 (≥102.3)
2
Systolic BP
≤90
3
91-100
2
101-110
1
111-219
0
≥220
3
Heart Rate (beats per minute)
≤40
3
41-50
1
51-90
0
91-110
1
111-130
2
≥131
3
AVPU
A
0
V, P,...
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Principles of antibiotic therapy in surgery
Principles of antibiotic therapy in surgery
1. The source of infection should always be identified and controlled as soon as possible.
2. Antibiotic empiric therapy should...
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SOFA Score
Criteria
Point Value
PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg)
<400
1
<300
2
<200 and mechanically ventilated
3
<100 and mechanically ventilated
4
Glasgow coma scale
13–14
1
10–12
2
6–9
3
<6
4
Mean arterial pressure OR administration of vasopressors required
MAP <70 mm/Hg
1
dopamine≤5 OR dobutamine (any dose)
2
dopamine...
Erysipelas
Erysipelas is a fiery red, tender, painful plaque with well-demarcated edges and is commonly caused by streptococcal species, usually Staphylococcus pyogenes. S. aureus rarely...
